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Gender inequality in the English Caribbean
(詳細はCaribbean. These gaps persist in the areas of human and physical capital endowments, in economic opportunities, and in the ability to make choices to achieve desired outcomes (agency).〔The World Bank. 2012. Gender Equality and Development: World Development Report 2012. Washington, D.C: The World Bank.p.5〕
Caribbean countries have been moving toward compliance with the United Nation's Convention on the Elimination on Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), but according to the UN Women Caribbean department, there is still work to be done to achieve gender equality in the region.〔Women's Empowerment and Gender Equality in the Caribbean. Advocacy Brief. http://www.unifemcar.org/ge_iss.cfm?link_=13(Accessed Apr 9, 2012).〕 In the English speaking Caribbean, women are disadvantaged in the labor market as well as the legislature, whereas men and boys face unequal outcomes in education.〔CARICOM Secretariat, "Plan of Action for 2005: Framework for Mainstreaming Gender into Key CARICOM Programmes" Andaiye, Georgetown, 2003. part IV.〕 Amartya Sen’s capabilities approach asserts that all inequalities, including those relating to gender, keep individuals from securing opportunities and choosing from these opportunities to achieve desired outcomes.
==Background==
The Caribbean is made of the chain of islands that border the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The region also includes mainland regions such as Guyana who identify culturally and historically with those island.
The Caribbean region is made up of many developing nations. Most of the islands of the English-speaking Caribbean have less than a century of independence from colonialism and, by the world’s standards, their governments are fairly young. In recent decades the world has seen significant changes in GDPs and other economic and globalization factors leading to increased inequality within and between countries.〔Berik, Günseli, Yana van der Meulen Rodgers, and Stephanie Seguino. 2009. “Feminist Economics of Inequality, Development, and Growth.” Feminist Economics. p.1.〕 “In the last ten to fifteen years the Latin American and Caribbean region has undergone the most significant changes of economic policy since World War II.”〔Peres, Wilson. Stallings, Barbara. Growth, Unemployment and Equity. The Impact of Economic Reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean. Brookings Institution Press: Washington D.C. 200. P.1.〕 Many of these policies were expected to create new jobs and greater equality.〔 Still “people in Latin America and the Caribbean region face unequal opportunities in life and different chances of economic success and very unequal outcomes ”〔Barros, Ricardo Paes. et al. Measuring Inequality of Opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean. Palgrave Macmillan and The World Bank. 2009. P. 26〕 Areas such as education, labor and politics are just a few but important areas in which gender inequality is apparent in the region. Growing GDPs and globalization however, are not enough to offset the effect of gender inequality.〔 With the exception of education women bear most of the negative impacts that occur as a result of gender inequality in the Caribbean region.〔Barbara Bailey and Heather Ricketts . “Gender Vulnerabilities in Caribbean Labor Markets and Decent Work Provisions.” Social and Economic Studies , Vol. 52, No. 4. P.56-58. University of the West Indies. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27865353 . (Accessed on Mar 15th 2012).〕
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